Vaginal Candidiasis

What it is

Vaginal candidiasis is an infection caused by fungi of the Candida genus, causing itching, burning, redness, and a whitish discharge. It is very common and, in some women, becomes recurrent, with four or more episodes per year. Clinical treatment includes antifungal medications, taken orally or applied vaginally, chosen according to the condition, along with investigation of factors that favor flare-ups, such as hormonal changes, antibiotic use, diabetes, and everyday habits. In recurrent cases, the gynecologist may prescribe maintenance regimens and combine them with options such as CO₂ laser or photobiomodulation.

Most common symptoms

• Intense itching in the vulva and vagina
• Burning when urinating or during intercourse
• Thick whitish discharge without a strong odor
• Redness and swelling of the vulva
• Small cracks in the skin of the genital area
• Worse symptoms the week before menstruation

Causes and risk factors

• Recent antibiotic use
• Hormonal changes, pregnancy and contraceptive use
• Diabetes, especially when poorly controlled
• Low immunity and periods of stress
• Tight clothing, synthetic fabrics and genital moisture
• Vaginal douching and irritating products

How it is diagnosed

Diagnosis begins with a discussion of your symptoms, how often flare-ups occur, medication use and health conditions that can favor the fungus. The gynecological exam assesses the vulva, vagina and the characteristics of the discharge. When the picture is typical, a clinical assessment is usually enough; in recurrent or uncertain cases, or after a previous treatment has failed, your gynecologist may order a vaginal discharge culture to identify the Candida species and, depending on the case, blood tests such as blood glucose.

How we treat it at Femi Saúde

Clinical treatment uses antifungal medications, taken orally or applied vaginally, chosen according to the severity of the condition and the patient's history. For isolated episodes, a short course is usually enough. For recurrent candidiasis, Femi Saúde's gynecology team investigates and corrects the factors fueling the flare-ups and may propose maintenance regimens for a few months, along with guidance on clothing, hygiene and habits. When indicated, options such as CO₂ laser and photobiomodulation can be combined to help restore the mucosa and reduce discomfort. The plan is individualized and reviewed as it progresses.

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